Standard Presentation (12 minutes) Australian Marine Sciences Association 2025 Conference

Sea-level Rise and Vegetation Dynamics Are Vital for Process-Based Simulation of Coastal Wetland Restoration Projects (119649)

Valerie Kwan 1 , Kevin J Buffington 2 , Valerie Hagger 1 , Catherine E Lovelock 1
  1. School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
  2. U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, California, United States of America

Restoration of coastal wetlands, which include mangroves, saltmarshes and supratidal swamp forests, provide a multitude of ecosystem benefits. To assess the potential of restoration projects, future projections of restored wetlands are vital, but there are few coastal wetland models that can be used to simulate coastal wetland vegetation regrowth under different sea level rise scenarios. In this study, we parameterised and calibrated a process-based model (WARMER) to investigate surface elevation and vegetation community changes, and by extension, carbon permanence, under various sea-level rise scenarios at a blue carbon restoration pilot project site on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia. Model projections showed that the rate of relative sea-level rise site may outpace vertical accretion at the site, causing a loss of surface elevation relative to mean sea level. Moreover, surface elevation generally decreased more rapidly as the rate of sea-level rise increased, and elevation deficit became more pronounced. On the other hand, increased inundation also conferred temporary resilience to vegetation communities, comprised of mangroves and saltmarsh. Overall, our results highlight the importance of accounting for tidal inundation and vegetation dynamics in modelling restoration outcomes for coastal wetland ecosystems.