Standard Presentation (12 minutes) Australian Marine Sciences Association 2025 Conference

The Role of AI in Monitoring Estuary Entrance Conditions (119773)

Sharyn Hickey 1 , Ben Radford 2
  1. The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
  2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, WA, Australia

Intermittently open and closed lakes and lagoons (ICOLLs) are a naturally occurring estuary type found predominantly on wave-dominated coastlines. Entrance conditions can be predominantly open or closed, and tend to open based on geomorphology, rainfall, tide and wave conditions. ICOLLs are ecologically important, providing habitat for marine and estuarine fauna, as well as nutrients from adjacent wetland and supratidal vegetation. An understanding of opening times, duration and opportunities for nutrient and biodiversity exchanges is required, particularly with increased climate and anthropogenic risks to these systems. In many remote areas, there is minimal information on entrance state. In Western Australia where rainfall is low, many river systems are ephemeral, meaning lakes and lagoons may have no or significantly low water levels for long periods, with the estuary entrance closed, though estuary opening is likely an important part of the floodplain system. Remote sensing provides an avenue to monitor opening. However, entrance channels are often smaller than imagery available, and clouds associated with rainfall impact spectral indices, making it difficult to detect opening conditions. The use of AI in coastal studies provides additional avenues; we present the results of a deepnet model to classify estuary entrance states for 26 estuaries.